Introduction Every writer has his own style of writing. Trying to gain the definite stylistic effects the writer uses the different stylistiс devices. Our work is devoted to the stylistic means which Edward Morgan Forster uses in his novel “A Room with a view”, namely the means to make the sentences more emotional. The aim of our work is to reveal the main stylistic means to express the emotional content.

The aim has defined the next tasks:

1.  To give some information about Edward Morgan Forster’s biography and his works.

2.  To give the definition of the notion “emotion”

3.  To reveal the main stylistic means to express the emotional content.

4.  To make the practical research

The novel “A Room with a View” is the practical material of our work.

The work consists of introduction, two chapters and conclusion. In the first chapter we reveal the main stylistic means to express the emotional content of the statement.

The second chapter represents the immediate studying of E.M. Forster novel and information about him and his creative work. While making our work we used the works of such linguists as Vinokur G.O., Suvorov S.P., Arnold I.V. and many others.  We have translated all given examples from the novel “Little Dorrit”, so we have used the works on the translation theory of Levitskaya T.R., Fiterman A.M., Komissarov V.N., Alimov V.V., Shveytser A.D., Garbovskiy N.K., Dmitrieva L.F. and others.  At the analysis of a practical material the English-Russian dictionary of Мuller and explanatory dictionaries of publishing house of the Oxford university were used.

Chapter 1 The emotion and the means of its expression in the works of fiction

 

1.1 The notion of the emotion

Every word has denotative and connotative meanings. The denotative meaning is the meaning which denotes the notion.

But the word can have the emotional component of the meaning if it expresses an emotion or the feeling.

The emotion is a short feeling: joy, pleasure, trouble, anger.

The feeling express a longer aptitude: love, respect etc.

The pure signs of the emotion are the interjections. These words represent the special level of the lexicology because they don’t have the notional and logical meanings.[1]

The interjections express the emotions in the common meaning. They don’t even show its positive or negative feature.

For example, the interjection “Oh” can express the joy and the sorrow. For example:

Oh, I am so glad!

Oh, I am sorry.

Oh, how unexpected!

The emotional words shouldn’t be confused with the words, which denote the emotions and feelings:

Fear

Delight

Gloom

Cheerfulness

Annoy

The emotional words shouldn’t also be confused the emotional meaning of which depends on the reactions connected with the notion:

Death

Tears

Honour

Rain

From the linguistic point of view these are the different groups. The relations between the components inside the lexical meaning are more different than in the emotional words.

In many works of fiction, for example, the abundance of the words connected with the rain transmits the feeling of the loneliness and sorrow. For example, Ernest Hemingway, begins one of his stories by the description of the rain in an Italian town, where in the hotel only two Americans stay. The American woman feels the loneliness and sorrow:

There were only two Americans stopping at the hotel. They did not know any of the people they passed on the stairs on their way to and from their room. Their room was on the second floor facing the sea. It also faced the public garden and the war monument. There were big palms and green benches in the public garden. In the good weather there was always an artist with his easel. Artists liked the way the palms grew and the bright colours of the hotels facing the gardens and the sea. Italians came from a long way off to look up to the war movement. It was made of bronze and glistened in the rain. It was raining. The rain dripped from the palm trees. Water stood in pools on the gravel paths. The sea broke in along line in the rain and slipped back down the beach to come and break again in a long line in the rain. The motor cars were gone from the square by the war monument…

The expression of the emotion or feeling usually is connected with the desire to transmit this emotion to other people. So, the accumulation of the “rainy” words is very effective.

1.2 The means of the expression of the emotions in the works of fiction

The authors use different means to express the emotions in their works. Let’s consider them.

The writers very often use the epithets. The epithet is a lexical and syntactical trope. It can function as an attribute, an adverb and an address. For example: A silvery laugh (attribute) To smile cuttingly (adverb) My sweet (address) The epithets must have the expressive connotations because thanks to these connotations we can know the attitude of the author towards the subject or the person. There are the tautological, explanatory and metaphorical epithets.[2] The tautological epithet is the epithet which emphasizes the main feature of the notion. For example: The sable night Wide sea Fair sun The explanatory epithet shows the most important feature of the notion, but it does not mean that this feature is inherent in the whole class. For example: A grand style Unvalued jewels Vast and trunkless legs of stone The metaphorical epithet indicates the resemblance or dissimilarity. ............