CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

SECTION I Concept and features of the labor market

CHAPTER II Features of the labor market in Ukraine

CHAPTER III ratio of employed and unemployed

CONCLUSION

LIST OF LITERATURE

 

 

INTRODUCTION

 

The labor market is an integral part of the overall economic and market mechanism. It is characterized as one of the most difficult social and economic phenomena of society, which reflected all sides of his life, it shows the whole diversity of interests and contradictions. Therefore the process of its functioning is constantly in terms of state, as the reproduction of such goods, as labor - the reproduction of labor resources and in general productive forces of society. Social policy in employment is also one of state functions. However, the crisis of the Ukrainian society demonstrated inability of the State to exercise effective social control. Accordingly, the labor market situation is poor, and especially - in employment. It looks like a complex multidimensional, heterogeneous, dynamic and prone to influence from outside the subsystem market. Employment in the general population and especially young people, has not only economic but also social meaning as a form of adaptation of different social groups to the market. The social role of employment seen in the fact that in the past aimed at institutions, traditions, stereotypes of behavior can both assist and resist market transformation. Go to market is very painful, accompanied by a crisis of industries in all other areas, failure to pay taxes, lower living standards of most social groups. Also the problem of youth unemployment, which threatens great danger to fundamental changes and transformations in the way of democratization. Thus, massive unemployment represents a real threat to civil society that can not survive if unemployment will stay high. The main objective of this work is to study the main stages and features of the labor market in Ukraine.

The aim: to highlight the problem of the labor market in Ukraine.

The task: to convince of the need to change the situation.

The object of research: the labor market in Ukraine.

Subject of investigation: employed and unemployed population.

 

SECTION I. Concept and features of labor market

Labor market - is primarily a system of social relations associated with buying and selling goods "labor." In addition, the labor market is the sphere of employment, demand and supply for labor. It can be interpreted as a mechanism for coordinating prices and conditions between employers and employees.

The peculiarity of the labor market is that it covers not only the sphere of circulation of goods "labor" but also in manufacturing, where the employee works. The relations here have raised important social and economic problems and therefore need special attention from the state.

In a market economy, labor market covers all willing to work: as employees and not employees hired labor. Among the unemployed are distinguished group of able-bodied people:

• people who do not work, but want to work and seeking work (unemployed, who have the appropriate status, individuals who have first started to work for, people who are looking after the occupation of interruptions);

• people who have jobs though, but not happy with it and looking for second primary or additional work;

• people who are busy, but clearly risks to lose jobs and so are looking for second job.

Specified categories of people and determine the supply of labor in the labor market.

Thus, the labor market - a market of hired labor. It covers relationships from the moment of hiring employees to work for their release.

For the origin, formation and functioning of the labor market required certain conditions. First of all, should be provided with legal conditions for operating this market, including the possibility of free movement on it citizens a free choice of work, freedom is a legal worker, the opportunity to dispose of their ability to work. But this is not enough because of the economic point of view, the owner of the labor force to sell it when it does not have everything you need for keeping their farms as sources for obtaining means of subsistence, or when income from other sources is insufficient.

Buyer commodity "labor" in the market is the entrepreneur who has everything necessary for running own business. In their work, entrepreneur attracts other workers for a monetary reward. Was exchanged individual's ability to work on livelihood necessary for the reproduction of the labor force but also by placing workers in the system of social division of labor of the country.

An important condition for the formation and functioning of the labor market is compliance officer job requirements, and offered a place - employee interests.

Market jobs as part of the labor market, reflecting the need in the workforce, primarily characterized by the number of vacancies in companies and organizations. At the same time take note of those vacancies as companies and organizations are already operating and those that only come into effect. In addition there are those workplaces where employees do not satisfy the employer, so he is looking for them a replacement.

The necessary conditions of functioning of the labor market is also organizing a single, closed across the country and an efficient system of labor exchanges, large-scale vocational guidance, vocational training, advanced training and retraining, the presence of local authorities the necessary financial and material resources sufficient for effective system of employment of public works, stimulating employment, social support of citizens, including the unemployed and families who are dependent on them, and others.

Elements of the labor market are: the product that it offers, demand, supply and price. ............